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Chi·ca·go (shĭ-kägō, -kô-)
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The largest city of Illinois, in the northeast part of the state on Lake Michigan. Located at the mouth of the Chicago River, the first link in the Illinois Waterway, it developed into a major port in the 1800s and became the commercial center of the Midwest. Chicago was nearly destroyed by a disastrous fire in 1871.

Chi·cago·an n.

Word History: The name Chicago is first recorded in 1688 in a French document, where it appears as Chigagou, an Algonquian word meaning "onion field." In explanation of this name, the document states that wild onion or garlic grew profusely in the area. The name of the field or meadow was first transferred to the river and then was given to the city in 1830.

The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition copyright ©2022 by HarperCollins Publishers. All rights reserved.
 
Chicago, Judy Born 1939.
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American artist best known for The Dinner Party (1979), a ceramic and needlepoint project depicting the social history of women in the Western world.

The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition copyright ©2022 by HarperCollins Publishers. All rights reserved.
 

Indo-European & Semitic Roots Appendices

    Thousands of entries in the dictionary include etymologies that trace their origins back to reconstructed proto-languages. You can obtain more information about these forms in our online appendices:

    Indo-European Roots

    Semitic Roots

    The Indo-European appendix covers nearly half of the Indo-European roots that have left their mark on English words. A more complete treatment of Indo-European roots and the English words derived from them is available in our Dictionary of Indo-European Roots.