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ratch·et 1 (răchĭt)
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n.
1. A mechanism consisting of a pawl that engages the sloping teeth of a wheel or bar, permitting motion in one direction only.
2. The pawl, wheel, or bar of this mechanism.
v. ratch·et·ed, ratch·et·ing, ratch·ets
v.tr.
To cause to increase or decrease by increments:tried to ratchet up interest in the program.
v.intr.
To increase or decrease by increments.

[French rochet, from Old French rocquet, head of a lance (from the shape of the teeth), of Germanic origin.]
(click for a larger image)
ratchet1

The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition copyright ©2022 by HarperCollins Publishers. All rights reserved.
 
ratch·et 2 (răchĭt)
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n.
A dance featuring ratcheting movements of the arms bent at the elbows.
adj.
Slang
Lacking in class, refinement, or good taste.

[From RATCHET1 (the dance being introduced in the recording "Do the Ratchet" (1999) by American rapper Anthony Mark "Mr. Mandigo" Mandigo (born 1975)).]

The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition copyright ©2022 by HarperCollins Publishers. All rights reserved.
 

Indo-European & Semitic Roots Appendices

    Thousands of entries in the dictionary include etymologies that trace their origins back to reconstructed proto-languages. You can obtain more information about these forms in our online appendices:

    Indo-European Roots

    Semitic Roots

    The Indo-European appendix covers nearly half of the Indo-European roots that have left their mark on English words. A more complete treatment of Indo-European roots and the English words derived from them is available in our Dictionary of Indo-European Roots.