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Mos·cow

(mŏskou, -kō)

The capital and largest city of Russia, in the western part of the country on the Moscow River, flowing about 500 km (310 mi) eastward to the Oka River. First mentioned in 1147, Moscow became the capital of the principality of Muscovy and by the 1400s was the capital of the Russian state and the seat of the metropolitan (later patriarch) of the Russian Orthodox Church. The capital was transferred to St. Petersburg in 1712 but was returned to Moscow by the Soviets in 1918.

Indo-European & Semitic Roots Appendices

Thousands of entries in the dictionary include etymologies that trace their origins back to reconstructed proto-languages. You can obtain more information about these forms in our online appendices:

Indo-European Roots

Semitic Roots

The Indo-European appendix covers nearly half of the Indo-European roots that have left their mark on English words. A more complete treatment of Indo-European roots and the English words derived from them is available in our Dictionary of Indo-European Roots.

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