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bris·tle

(brĭsəl)

1. A stiff hair.

2. A stiff hairlike structure: the bristles of a wire brush.

v. bris·tled, bris·tling, bris·tles

v.intr.

1. To stand stiffly on end like bristles: The hair on the dog's neck bristled.

2. To raise the bristles: The cat bristled at the sight of the large dog.

3. To react in an angry or offended manner: The author bristled at the suggestion of plagiarism.

4. To be covered or thick with or as if with bristles: The path bristled with thorns.

v.tr.

1. To cause to stand erect like bristles; stiffen.

2. To furnish or supply with bristles.

3. To make bristly; ruffle.

[Middle English bristel, probably from Old English *byrstel, from byrst, bristle.]

Indo-European & Semitic Roots Appendices

Thousands of entries in the dictionary include etymologies that trace their origins back to reconstructed proto-languages. You can obtain more information about these forms in our online appendices:

Indo-European Roots

Semitic Roots

The Indo-European appendix covers nearly half of the Indo-European roots that have left their mark on English words. A more complete treatment of Indo-European roots and the English words derived from them is available in our Dictionary of Indo-European Roots.

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