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fam·i·ly (fămə-lē, fămlē)
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n. pl. fam·i·lies
1.
a. A fundamental social group in society typically consisting of one or two parents and their children.
b. The children of one of these groups: She raised a large family.
c. A group of persons related by descent or marriage: My whole family, including my cousins, gets together once a year. See Usage Note at collective noun.
2. People in the same line of descent; lineage: comes from an old Virginia family.
3. Obsolete All the members of a household living under one roof.
4. A locally independent organized crime unit, as of the Cosa Nostra.
5.
a. A group of like things; a class: the family of brass instruments.
b. A group of individuals derived from a common stock: the family of human beings.
6. Biology A taxonomic category of related organisms ranking below an order and above a genus. A family usually consists of several genera.
7. Linguistics A group of languages descended from the same parent language, such as the Indo-European language family.
8. Mathematics A set of functions or surfaces that can be generated by varying the parameters of a general equation.
9. Chemistry
a. A group of elements with similar chemical properties.
b. A vertical column in the periodic table of elements.
10. Physics Any of the three generations of elementary fermions.
adj.
1. Of or having to do with a family: family problems.
2. Being suitable for a family: family movies.
Idiom:
in the family way
Pregnant.

[Middle English familie, from Latin familia, household, servants of a household, from famulus, servant.]

The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition copyright ©2022 by HarperCollins Publishers. All rights reserved.
 

Indo-European & Semitic Roots Appendices

    Thousands of entries in the dictionary include etymologies that trace their origins back to reconstructed proto-languages. You can obtain more information about these forms in our online appendices:

    Indo-European Roots

    Semitic Roots

    The Indo-European appendix covers nearly half of the Indo-European roots that have left their mark on English words. A more complete treatment of Indo-European roots and the English words derived from them is available in our Dictionary of Indo-European Roots.